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Toxicoscordion fontanum : ウィキペディア英語版 | Toxicoscordion fontanum
''Toxicoscordion fontanum,'' common name Small-flower death camas is a rare plant species known only from serpentine marshes in California. It is found primarily in the Coast Ranges from Mendocino County to San Luis Obispo County, with an additional report of an isolated population in the Sierra Nevada foothills in Kern County east of Bakersfield.〔(Flora of North America v 26 p 85. )〕〔(Calflora taxon report, ''Toxicoscordion fontanum'' (Eastw.) Zomlefer & Judd, marsh zigadenus )〕 ''Toxicoscordion fontanum'' is a bulb-forming perennial herb. Bulbs are egg-shaped, up to 40 mm (1.6 inches) long, not clumped together. Inflorescences are paniculate, sometimes with as many as 100 flowers. Tepals are cream-colored, up to 12 mm (0.5 inches) long; filaments shorter than the tepals.〔(Zomlefer, Wendy B., & Judd, Walter Stephen. 2002. Resurrection of segregates of the polyphyletic genus ''Zigadenus'' s.l. (Liliales: Melanthisaceae) and resulting new combinations. Novon 12(2):299-308. )〕〔(Eastwood, Alice. 1937. ''Zygadenus fontanus'': a new species from Mt. Tamalpais. Leaflets of Western Botany 2(3): 41–42 ).〕〔(McNeal, Dale W. 1992. New taxa and new combinations in western North American Liliaceae. Phytologia 73(4): 307-311 )〕〔Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. California Flora 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.〕 ==Toxicity==
As with many other species formerly included in ''Zigadenus'', this species is highly toxic and potentially lethal to humans and to livestock.〔(Heilpurn, Katarine L. 1995. ''Zigadenus'' poisoning. Annals of Emergency Medicine 25(2):259-262. )〕 Some people have eaten it confusing it with wild onion, ''Allium'' spp. ''Zigadenus'' and ''Toxicoscordion'' do not, however, have the characteristic onion scent associated with ''Allium'' spp.〔(Death Camas and Wild Onion )〕〔(El Zorro Colorado, Death Camas )〕
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